näe, kui täkkesse läksNobeli rahupreemia otsustati 2015. aastal anda Tuneesia rahvusliku dialoogi kvartetile otsustava panuse eest pluralistliku demokraatia ülesehitamisse pärast 2011. aasta jasmiinrevolutsiooni.
Kvartett moodustati 2013. aasta suvel, kui riigi demokratiseerimisprotsess oli kokkuvarisemise äärel poliitmõrvade ja laialt levinud sotsiaalsete rahutuste tõttu. See tekitas alternatiivse rahumeelse poliitilise protsessi ajal, kui riik oli kodusõja künnisel. Mõne aastaga võimaldas see luua Tuneesias põhiseadusliku valitsussüsteemi, mis tagab põhiõigused kogu elanikkonnale, sõltumata soost, poliitilisest veendumusest ja usutunnistusest, teatab Norra Nobeli komitee.
Tuneesia rahvusliku dialoogi kvartett koosneb neljast võtmetähtsusega organisatsioonist riigi kodanikuühiskonnas: Tuneesia peaametiühingust, Tuneesia tööstuse, kaubanduse ja käsitööliste konföderatsioonist, Tuneesia inimõiguste liigast ja Tuneesia advokaatide ordust. Need organisatsioonid esindavad erinevaid sektoreid ja väärtusi Tuneesia ühiskonnas: tööelu ja heaolu, seaduste ülimuslikkuse ja inimõiguste põhimõtteid. Sellel alusel tegutses kvartett vahendaja ja edasiviiva jõuna, et edendada rahumeelset demokraatlikku arengut Tuneesias suure moraalse autoriteediga. Rahupreemia anti kvartetile tervikuna, mitte neljale organisatsioonile.
. loodan, et nüüd ära ei sõnunud. By January 2012, there was an unmistakable drumbeat of trouble.
His popularity sagging, Mr. Jibril had stepped down as transitional prime minister. A prominent Muslim scholar had accused him of guiding the nation toward a “new era of tyranny and dictatorship.” In a deal struck between two powerful militias, he was replaced by Abdurrahim el-Keib, an engineering professor who had taught for years at the University of Alabama.
On Jan. 5, Mrs. Clinton’s old friend and adviser Sidney Blumenthal emailed her with the latest in a series of behind-the-scenes reports on Libya, largely written by a retired C.I.A. officer, Tyler Drumheller, who died last year.
The memo detailed the roiling tensions between Islamists and secularists over the role of Islamic law, fighting between rival militias associated with two different towns and four visits to Mr. Keib’s office by “angry militiamen” demanding concessions.
Mr. Keib, the email said, “believes that if he does not disarm the militias and meet their demands in the next six months, there is a good chance of increased fighting among rival groups that could lead to civil war.” Mrs. Clinton forwarded the message to Mr. Sullivan, her policy aide, with a single comment: “Worrying.”
Such alarming reports might have been expected to spur action in Washington. They did not.
After Colonel Qaddafi’s fall, with minimal violence and friendly interim leadership, Libya had moved quickly off the top of the administration’s agenda. The regular situation room meetings on Libya, often including the president, simply stopped. The revolt in Syria, in the heart of the Middle East and with nearly four times Libya’s population, took center stage.
Libya, Mr. Ross said, “was farmed out to the working level.”
The inattention was not just neglect. It was policy.
“The president was like, ‘We are not looking to do another Iraq,’” said Derek Chollet, then handling Libya for the National Security Council. “And by the way, the Europeans were all along saying: ‘No, no, no, we’re doing this. We got it. We believe in Libya. This is in our neighborhood.’”
Muidugi on, alusta kasvõi Prantsusmaast. Ainult et see võtab aega, kui selle kallal süstemaatiliselt tööd ei tehta. Mida Araabia maade diktaatorite alt vabastatud maades väga kahjuks tõesti ei ole tehtud.Kapten Trumm kirjutas:Praegu pole teada ühtegi juhtumit, kus kukutatud isevalitsuse asemele oleks tekkinud meie mõistes normaalne riik.
https://www.ft.com/content/e0e56ed4-d97 ... eb37a6aa8eIn addition, the election of Donald Trump in the US and the rise of Vladimir Putin’s Russia has emboldened Khalifa Haftar, the Moscow-backed renegade general who controls the eastern part of Libya and opposes Mr al-Sarraj.
“The situation is extremely fragile,” says Mattia Toaldo, a senior policy fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations. “I think with the end of the Obama administration Italy has lost its biggest ally in Libya — and Russia’s intervention on the side of Haftar is more and more evident,” he added.
Italy’s centre-left government wants a deal with Libya so it can claim that it successfully reduced migrant flows ahead of the next Italian elections and fend off criticism from populist challengers.
Tegu siis kuulujutu ehk fake newsiga. Mismoodi need kindralid said midagi lubad, kui neil endil ei olnud kontrolli enam riigi üle?Muammar Khadafi kindralid olid enne Liibüa õhukampaania algust pakkunud, et teevad ise vähese verega riigipöörde ära ning teevad riigist läänesõbraliku oligarhia. Interneti tumedamas nurgas räägiti.
Wikipeedias on Liibüa kodusõja kaart, mis näitab territooriumide jaotust enne ja pärast NATO taevasse ilmumist päeval P. IMHO oli neil lubaduste andmiseks enne päeva P tagatist piisavalt.Roamless kirjutas: Tegu siis kuulujutu ehk fake newsiga. Mismoodi need kindralid said midagi lubad, kui neil endil ei olnud kontrolli enam riigi üle?
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/mi ... 91eec6939dLibya edged closer to full-blown civil war on Friday as forces of an eastern commander clashed with pro-government militias near the capital, Tripoli, and an effort by the U.N. chief failed to stop the offensive.
A battle for control of Tripoli would mark the most significant escalation of violence in oil- and gas-rich Libya since the toppling of Libyan dictator Moammar Gaddafi in 2011 following a populist rebellion backed by NATO bombings.
After meeting Friday with the renegade warlord, Khalifa Hifter, in the eastern Libyan city of Benghazi, U.N. Secretary General António Guterres said in a tweet that he was leaving Libya “with a heavy heart and deeply concerned.”
Hifter reportedly told Guterres that his offensive on Tripoli will continue, according to the al-Arabiya television network.
“I still hope it is possible to avoid a bloody confrontation in and around Tripoli,” Guterres wrote in his tweet.
That hope has dimmed. Hifter’s force, which calls itself the Libyan National Army, pushed forward toward the capital and clashed with militias that support the U.N.-installed, Western-backed government.
By nightfall, Hifter’s troops claimed to have taken an area near Tripoli’s old international airport, but there was no independent confirmation.
https://twitter.com/warisboring/status/ ... 4804413447AFRICOM evacuates US forces from Libya as fighting intensifies
https://warisboring.com/africom-evacuat ... tensifies/The U.S. military has withdrawn its troops from Libya as a local military commander’s forces advanced on the capital for a showdown with militias holding the city.
“Due to increased unrest in Libya, a contingent of U.S. forces supporting U.S. Africa Command temporarily relocated in response to security conditions on the ground,” AFRICOM said in a statement.
Kasutajad foorumit lugemas: Registreeritud kasutajaid pole ja 1 külaline
